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Jesus the Eternal Son: Answering Adoptionist Christology is unavailable, but you can change that!

Adoptionism—the idea that Jesus is portrayed in the Bible as a human figure who was adopted as God’s son at his baptism or resurrection—has been commonly accepted in much recent scholarship as the earliest explanation of Jesus’s divine status. In this book Michael Bird draws that view into question with a thorough examination of pre-Pauline materials, the Gospel of Mark, and patristic sources. ...

Greco-Roman notions of deification, and God’s “making” him messiah and Lord need not involve an ontological change.50 More likely, what transpires in Acts 2:36 with mention of how “God made him” (ἐποίησεν ὁ θεός) the Lord and Messiah is an expression of Luke’s leitmotif of status reversal where God’s word vindicates and empowers both Jesus and his people. Martin Hengel detects here not an adoptionist Christology “but a radical volte-face of the ‘powers that be’: God made him who had been delivered
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